At the trial were sent the Nazi leaders living (albeit in absentia), and six organizations and structures of the defeated regime: the Nazi party, the Schutzstaffel (SS) and Sicherheitsdienst (SD), the Gestapo, the Sturmabteilung (SA) and the High Army Command.
The charges were grouped into four groups:
1. Conspiracy to commit crimes against peace.
2. Have planned, initiated and started wars of aggression.
3. War crimes.
4. Crimes against humanity.
The defendants were:
- Martin Bormann, secretary of the Nazi Party and Hitler's personal secretary, a former member of the Supreme Command of the SA.
Defendant of the charges 1, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 3 and 4 to death in absentia.
- Karl Doenitz, Grand Admiral, he was Hitler's successor, his death set up a government that signed the surrender (May 7, 1945).
Defendant of the charges 1, 2 and 3.
He was convicted of the charges 2 and 3 to 10 years in prison.
- Hans Frank, a lawyer, governor of Poland controlled by the Nazis in 1939.
Defendant of the charges 1, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 3:04 to death.
Accused of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4
He was convicted of the charges 2, 3 and 4 to death.
- Hans Fritzsche, a journalist and, since 1933, director of information at the press service of the ministry of propaganda.
Defendant of the charges 1, 3 and 4.
He was acquitted (especially because defendant as a "replacement" Goebbels).
- Walter Funk, Reich Minister of Economics and President of the Reichsbank in 1939 (Central Bank of the Reich).
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 2, 3 and 4 to life imprisonment.
- Hermann Goering, the "number two" of Nazi Germany, the most important character of Nazism in the process. As interior minister of Prussia, instituted the "Geheimes Staatspolizeiamt" which later became the Gestapo, powerful regime's secret police, was Field Marshal, commander of the Luftwaffe, and one of the main architects of the German military power and reset. He participated in the planning of the wars of aggression in violation of the Versailles Treaty and other international agreements and treaties.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of all the charges to death.
- Rudolf Hess, in 1933 and was the deputy secretary of Hitler in the Nazi party until 1941, when he flew solo to Scotland in search of an improbable separate peace.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 1 and 2 to life imprisonment.
- Alfred Jodl, General of the Army Corps. Head of military operations and advisor to Hitler.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of all the charges to death.
- Ernst Kaltenbrunner, chief of the Reich Security, SS and party official in charge of the concentration camps.
Defendant of the charges 1, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 3:04 to death.
- Wilhelm Keitel, Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of all the charges to death.
- Gustav Krupp von und Bolhen Halback, a leading German industrialists.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
It was not on trial for health reasons.
- Robert Ley, head of the Front of German workers
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was never prosecuted because he hanged himself in his cell before the trial.
- Konstantin von Neurath, Hitler's first foreign minister and then to the Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia. In 1943 he resigned his posts as opposed to Hitler.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Convicted of all the charges to 15 years in prison (later released in 1954 for health reasons).
- Franz Von Papen, Vice-Chancellor in Hitler's first cabinet in 1933, then ambassador to Vienna and Ankara.
Defendant of the charges 1 and 2.
He was acquitted.
- Erich Raeder, Commander in Chief of the Navy until 1943.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2 and 3.
He was convicted of the charges 1, 2 and 3 to life imprisonment (released in 1955 for health reasons).
- Joachim Von Ribbentrop, from 1938 to 1945 Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Reich, was the star of the Nazi-Soviet Pact Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, whose protocols were fixed on the partition of Central and Eastern Europe between Germany and the Soviet Union.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of all the charges to death.
- Alfred Rosenberg, Reich Minister for the occupation zones in Eastern Europe, the ideologist of the Nazi Party.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of all the charges to death.
- Fritz Sauckel, Attorney General of Hitler as responsible for forced labor in Germany of foreign labor.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 3:04 to death.
- Hjalmar Schacht, banker, President of the Reichsbank and Minister of Economy. Since 1944 in the concentration camp of Flossenbürg.
Defendant of the charges 1 and 2.
He was acquitted.
- Baldur von Schirach, the former head of the Hitler Youth and the governor of the district of Vienna.
Defendant of the charges 1 and 4.
He was convicted of the indictment 4 to 20 years in prison.
- Arthur Seyss-Inquart, lawyer, governor of the Reich for the occupied territories in the Netherlands.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 2, 3 and 4 to death.
- Albert Speer, architect, Reich Minister for armaments and ammunition.
Defendant of the charges 1, 2, 3 and 4.
He was convicted of the charges 3:04 to 20 years in prison.
- Julius Streicher, an elementary school teacher, propagandist of the persecution of the Jews. He founded in 1923 the weekly "Der Stürmer" which remained the owner and director until 1945.
Defendant of the charges 1 and 4.
He was convicted of the indictment 4 to death.
All these men were accused both individually and as members of groups and organizations mentioned above.
The Nuremberg trials, however, was an orphan of the major protagonists of that gruesome period: Hitler, Goebbels and Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, had committed suicide, Martin Bormann, as reported had disappeared into thin air. Same thing for the general Heinrich Muller, head of the Gestapo, while Adolf Eichmann, one of the leaders of the "Final Solution", was arrested in Argentina and executed in Israel in 1962.
All those sentenced to death were hanged, except that Goring was able to commit suicide with cyanide before execution.
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